Hevc
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In 2004, the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) began significant study of technology advances that could enable creation of a new video compression standard (or substantial compression-oriented enhancements of the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC standard). In October 2004, various techniques for potential enhancement of the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC standard were surveyed. In January 2005, at the next meeting of VCEG, VCEG began designating certain topics as "Key Technical Areas" (KTA) for further investigation. A software codebase called the KTA codebase was established for evaluating such proposals.[4] The KTA software was based on the Joint Model (JM) reference software that was developed by the MPEG & VCEG Joint Video Team for H.264/MPEG-4 AVC. Additional proposed technologies were integrated into the KTA software and tested in experiment evaluations over the next four years. [5]
Two approaches for standardizing enhanced compression technology were considered: either creating a new standard or creating extensions of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC. The project had tentative names H.265 and H.NGVC (Next-generation Video Coding), and was a major part of the work of VCEG until its evolution into the HEVC joint project with MPEG in 2010.
The preliminary requirements for NGVC were bit rate reduction of 50% at the same subjective image quality comparing to H.264/MPEG-4 AVC High profile, with computational complexity ranging from 1/2 to 3 times that of the High profile. NGVC would be able to provide 25% bit rate reduction along with 50% reduction in complexity at the same perceived video quality as the High profile, or to provide greater bit rate reduction with somewhat higher complexity.[6]
The ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) started a similar project in 2007, tentatively named High-performance Video Coding. An agreement of getting a bit rate reduction of 50% had been decided as the goal of the project by July 2007.[7] Early evaluations were performed with modifications of the KTA reference software encoder developed by VCEG. By July 2009, experimental results showed average bit reduction of around 20% compared with AVC High Profile; these results prompted MPEG to initiate its standardization effort in collaboration with VCEG.
A formal joint Call for Proposals (CfP) on video compression technology was issued in January 2010 by VCEG and MPEG, and proposals were evaluated at the first meeting of the MPEG & VCEG Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), which took place in April 2010. A total of 27 full proposals were submitted. Evaluations showed that some proposals could reach the same visual quality as AVC at only half the bit rate in many of the test cases, at the cost of 2×-10× increase in computational complexity; and some proposals achieved good subjective quality and bit rate results with lower computational complexity than the reference AVC High profile encodings. At that meeting, the name High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) was adopted for the joint project. Starting at that meeting, the JCT-VC integrated features of some of the best proposals into a single software codebase and a draft standard text specification, and performed further experiments to evaluate various proposed features.[8]
The Committee Draft of HEVC was approved in February 2012.[9] In June 2012 the MPEG LA announced that they would start the process of making a joint license for HEVC patents.[10] The Draft International Standard was approved in July 2012 at the meeting held in Stockholm.[11] Per Fröjdh, Chairman of the Swedish MPEG delegation, believes that commercial products that support HEVC could be released in 2013.[11]
On February 29, 2012, at the 2012 Mobile World Congress Qualcomm demonstrated a HEVC decoder running on a Android tablet, with a Qualcomm Snapdragon S4 dual-core processor running at 1.5GHz, showing H.264/MPEG-4 AVC and HEVC versions of the same video content playing side by side.[12] In this demonstration HEVC showed almost a 50% bit rate reduction compared with H.264/MPEG-4 AVC.[12]
On August 22, 2012, Ericsson announced that the world's first HEVC encoder, the Ericsson SVP 5500, would be shown at the upcoming International Broadcasting Convention (IBC) 2012 trade show.[13][14] The Ericsson SVP 5500 HEVC encoder is designed for real time encoding of video for delivery to mobile devices.[13][14] On the same day it was announced that researchers are planning to extend MPEG-DASH to support HEVC by April 2013.[15]
On August 31, 2012, Allegro DVT announced two HEVC broadcast encoders called the AL1200 HD-SDI encoder and the AL2200 IP Transcoder.[16] Allegro DVT says that hardware HEVC decoders shouldn't be expected before 2014 but that HEVC can be used earlier for applications that use software based decoding.[16] At the IBC 2012 trade show Allegro DVT will demonstrate a HEVC delivery system based on the AL2200 IP Transcoder with a live IP video stream.[16]
On September 2, 2012, Vanguard Software Solutions (VSS) announced a x86 PC software based HEVC encoder based on the Draft International Standard that was designed for real time performance.[17][18] The Vanguard HEVC encoder will be available later this year and will be shown at the IBC 2012 trade show.[17][18] On September 9, 2012, VSS demonstrated that their real time HEVC software encoder could encode 1080p at 30 fps video using a single Intel Xeon processor.[18]
On September 6, 2012, Rovi Corporation announced that a MainConcept SDK for HEVC would be released in early 2013 shortly after HEVC is officially ratified.[19] The HEVC MainConcept SDK will include a decoder, encoder, and transport multiplexer for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Linux, iOS, and Android.[19] The HEVC MainConcept SDK encoder was demonstrated at the IBC 2012 trade show.[19]
On September 9, 2012, ATEME demonstrated at the IBC 2012 trade show a HEVC encoder that encoded 3840x2160p at 60 fps video with an average bit rate of 15 Mbit/s.[20][21] ATEME is planning to release their HEVC encoder in October 2013.[20][21][22]
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